What Belongs to Caesar and What Belongs to God
Jenny Drzewiecki • October 18, 2023
The Pharisees sent messengers to Jesus with a vital dilemma regarding paying taxes. It was to test Jesus, who was considered by many people as a wise Rabbi. The question was tricky. Any answer would not be good, either not politically correct or not popular for people who were occupied by Romans at that time. Therefore, Jesus took the dilemma of the Pharisees to another level, theological and spiritual.
“Repay to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God” (Matthew 22:21). I believe this famous answer of Jesus from the Gospel reading this 29th Sunday does not speak about politics of finance matters at all. It is about priorities and values that must never be compromised by disciples of Jesus. It is about a clear understanding of what is essential and less important for us. Both realities, sacrum and profanum (sacred and profane) must be clearly distinguished in our personal, family, and community life. Both realities are vital, appreciated, and never confused with each other.
We need things that are holy and consecrated for the Lord. We must never give up our essential values as Christians and human beings. We need vacation, feasts, and holidays. There is no doubt about it. At the same time, we must cherish and appreciate the ordinary times, informal realities, and things that are less important. We must appreciate the vital elements and sacred realities because they are surrounded by ordinary times and things. We would be bored and never appreciate the sacred without profane elements of our existence and world. There must be a balance between sacrum and profanum in our lives. We must respect the difference and distinguish holidays from ordinary times, value from no value and deficiency, as well as good from evil. And we must never mix these two realities as followers of Jesus. Although the answer of Jesus “Repay to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God” sounds familiar and very old, it is useful for our reflection and spiritual growth today.
Fr. Andrzej
St. Thomas is the main character of today’s Gospel. The tradition gave him a negative nickname, Doubting Thomas, because of the story we read about him today. Indeed, when the Risen Lord came to meet his disciples in the upper room on Easter Sunday, Thomas was not there. Thus, he doubted Jesus and his Resurrection. He wanted to have a proof to see and touch Jesus’ wounds to be able to believe. Eventually Thomas met Jesus when Jesus came again to the upper room a week later. Jesus invited Thomas to see and touch his wounds and believe. As a consequence, Thomas proclaimed his faith and called Jesus, “My Lord and my God” (John 20:28). I am convinced the real reason that prevented Thomas from proclaiming his faith in Jesus was his pride rather than his doubt of the Resurrection. Thomas could not stand the fact that Jesus came to see his disciples when he was away. “Why the Master chose to come to announce his resurrection when I was away, the greatest disciple?” – Thomas thought. However, when Thomas touched Jesus’ wounds a week later, he was healed of his pride. The second nickname of Thomas mentioned in the Bible is Didymos, which means Twin. There is no evidence that Thomas had a twin. I believe, Twin, it is just a spiritual invitation to a reader of the story to become like a twin of Thomas who doubted Jesus. The reader is invited to have a similar experience Thomas had during our celebration of the Easter season. Perhaps some of us closely relate to Thomas and his experience in the upper room. Perhaps we have some doubts and our pride prevents us from total trust in the Risen Lord. Thus, we are invited to become a spiritual twin of Thomas for a similar experience and healing. The Second Sunday of Easter is also celebrated as Divine Mercy Sunday in the Church. This is the day when Jesus opens his heart full of compassion and invites us to trust in him. Jesus pours out his mercy upon us on a very generous and special way today. We are invited to reflect and meditate on his open heart, the core of our salivation, and to have the same experience of healing Thomas encountered when he met the Risen Lord when he saw and touched his wounds. There is a great opportunity to reflect on the Risen Lord and Divine Mercy during our Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament this afternoon (Sunday). There will be silence, music, Divine Mercy chaplet in song, and an occasion for confession. Please join us in the church at 3pm. “All grace flow from mercy, and the last hour abounds with mercy for us. Let no one doubt concerning the goodness of God; even if a person’s sins were as dark as night, God’s mercy is stronger than our misery. One thing along is necessary that the sinners set ajar the door of his heart, be it ever so little, to let in a ray of God’s merciful grace, and then God will do the rest.” (The Diary of St. Faustina Kowalska, 1507). Fr. Andrzej
We heard while reading the Passion of Christ, “Peter went out and wept bitterly” after his betrayal on Holy Thursday (Luke 22:62). I imagine Peter was very upset and would never forgive himself for the fact he denied his Master. Peter terribly failed as the chosen leader of the disciples of Jesus. He was supposed to give an example and be brave to be faithful to his promise to give his life for his Master and Lord. Perhaps Peter wondered how to make it up but it seems everything was over. He was losing his faith and any hope. And then, the miracle happened. Some women who closely followed Jesus came to the place where Jesus’ disciples were staying with surprising news. According to them the body of Jesus disappeared and he has been raised. The disciples did not believe them initially and disregarded their message. But Peter got up and ran to the tomb. He bent down and saw the burial cloths of Jesus alone, then he went home amazed (Luke 24:12). That moment at the empty tomb brought Peter hope that maybe not everything is over. It awakened his faith in the Resurrection of Jesus. It helped him to understand what Jesus was saying to him and his disciples about his mission and destiny. The word bent down in Hebrew has two meanings. It means a physical effort to bend down but also a profound reflection. I believe Peter stopped at the empty tomb of Jesus and deeply reflected on what happened between Jesus and him during the last few days. That moment of his reflection entirely changed his life and gave him hope to work out his broken relationship with his Master and Lord. Thus, he went home amazed. Dear Parishioners, I would like to take the opportunity of Easter Sunday to encourage you to have this kind of experience of Peter from today’s gospel. Please allow yourself to stop and bend down at the empty tomb of Jesus. May your bend down turn you away from your daily challenges and worries to hope and peace in Jesus Christ. May it change your life towards a close relationship with God and other people. Mayyour profound bend down bring your joy and true faith in the Resurrection of Jesus Christ our Lord. May you go home amazed (equally to Peter). On behalf of our Parish Staff and Pastoral Team,I wish you and your family members aHappy Easter. Fr. Andrzej
Today’s liturgy encourages us to carefully discern our choices and decisions we make, especially the most important ones that affect our entire life. The natural law reflected in God’s commandments and precepts are helpful to guide us in our discernment. Regardless if it is intentional or not, we are still able to choose evil instead of good because of our free will. Our well-formed conscious constantly reminds us about God’s Law when we choose evil or even apparent good instead of real one. A good example of making wrong choices in life is described by today’s gospel. It is about a woman who was caught on adultery and brought to Jesus for judgment. The only verdict for adultery according to the Law of Moses was death penalty (Deuteronomy 22:22). We can only imagine what was going on in the mind of the woman who was standing in front of Jesus at that moment. We do not have any evidence that she was an evil person or prostitute. Probably she just fell in love with a man and believed it was the true love she was missing. The woman, like all Israelites, knew the law and the consequences of adultery. She was aware of it and still continued her relationship with the man. She must strongly believe, he was the right man and their relationship will be eventually legalized. According to her, it was worthy to risk her life for the man and real relationship she finally found. When I read the story, I always wonder where the man who committed adultery with the women is. The law regarding adultery was equal to both, man and women. Both of them were guilty of death penalty (Deuteronomy 22:22). I imagine the woman standing in front of Jesus and facing the death penalty was wondering the same, where is my man, who promised to be with me for good and bad, life and death? Why he is not beside me now? We supposed to die together. She probably felt abandoned and betrayed. She realized only now, their love was not honest and true. She made wrong choices and decisions to stay with the man. We know the end of the story. Jesus who knew the hearts of people defended and protected the woman. Jesus wanted to give her another chance to make better choices in life. His heart was full of compassion, in contrary to the people in the crowd who wanted to stone her. I do not think today’s gospel was written only for people who struggle to find their true love or commit adultery. We all can benefit from this story. Many of us struggle to make right choices and decisions in life. We are tempted by disordered attachments to go for an easier solution, and we are often pushed by difficult circumstances to choose apparent good instead of real one. Everything looks beautiful and perfect at the beginning but then, we end in misery and spiritual death. The Lenten Season encourages us to reflect upon and practice our discernment. Our choices and decisions we make must never contradict God’s Law. When we often pray and nourish our relationship with God, our discernment is likely sound. Then, it is easier to choose the real good instead of the apparent one in our life. "You cannot make progress without making right decisions." (Jim Rohn) Fr. Andrzej
The Sacrament of Reconciliation is an essential element of the Lenten season. We are all encouraged to confess our sins, to make a resolution to sin no more, and to forgive those who hurt us. This unique sacrament is often called the Sacrament of Penance, Repentance or Conversion. In fact, we need all these elements to truthfully celebrate the Sacrament of Reconciliation and make it real in our life. Today’s liturgical readings encourage us to appreciate and embrace the Sacrament of Reconciliation as a part of preparation for Paschal Triduum and Easter season. The first reading is about Israel, the Chosen Nation, who travels through the desert to the Promised Land. After forty years of wondering in the wilderness God spoke to Joshua who led the Nation after Moses, “Today I have removed the reproach of Egypt from you…” (Joshua 5:9). God encouraged Israel to end their time of shame and disgrace from their enslavement in Egypt, and to make a new beginning for them and their children. I wonder why it took forty long years for the people of Isreal to rise above their times of slavery in Egypt. Similarly, the gospel parable brings an image of the Prodigal Son, who hesitated to return home even when he lost everything and suffered starvation. What took him so long to realize his wrongdoings, accept who he is and where he belongs? These two readings are good images of what the Sacrament of Reconciliation is and what we go through to realize our wrongdoings and our attachment to sin. Going to the Sacrament of Confession is like leaving the slavery of Egypt to become totally free. It is like making a decision to return home, to our loving Father, who is constantly waiting for me. It takes an effort and perhaps courage to realize our sinfulness and to confess our sins, but the result is great and rewarding. The Sacrament of Reconciliation is complete when it becomes a moment of true conversion from evil to good. The word conversion in Greek is describe in two words. Metanoia stands for repentance, and Epistrophe, which means a turning point or changing mind. We are supposed to change our thinking, from negative to positive or from sinful to good and virtuous, when we decide to go to the Sacrament of Confession. We confess our sins and we make a decision to sin no more. But we struggle to do so, because we like our sins and we are attached to our old sinful ways. We are very similar to Israel from today’s first reading, who left Egypt but mentally was still in slavery for many years. We are also similar to the Prodigal Son who was challenged and suffered starvation but still hesitated to return home to his loving father. The Sacrament of Reconciliation can transform our life forever when we truthfully decide to turn away from evil and offer ourselves to God totally without any condition. There are many occasions to receive the Sacrament of Confession during Lent at St. Martin of Tours. We scheduled two reconciliation services with a few priests available on April 2 @6 pm and April 12 @10 am. We will continue to offer the regular dates and time for confessions on Monday during Adoration at 6 pm, Saturday at 3 pm and First Friday after Mass at 8.30 am. Hopefully everyone will find a good occasion and willingness to receive and celebrate this wonderful Sacrament during Lenten Season. Fr. Andrzej
Reflecting on the image of God could be one of the elements of our Lenten journey. The image of God that we created in our heart is vital to all of us. It determines our relationship with God and how we pray. Today’s gospel on the 3rd Sunday of Lent, encourages us to ask a question about our personal image of God. “Who is God to me and what is my relationship with God?” The people of the Old Testament believed God to be a strict judge who watches people all the time. He rewards them for good and punishes them for evil deeds. The image of God was quite negative. According to the Old Testament, God followed the mentality, “life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, and foot for foot" (Deuteronomy 19:21). Furthermore, the Old Testament approach to the image of God was that every sickness, poverty, or childlessness were signs of the absence of God’s grace due to human sins. The New Testament brings us a more positive image of God. According to Jesus, God is like a loving parent who loves his children unconditionally even when they fail. God is like a Loving Father, who waits for his prodigal son and welcomes him home without a doubt and without condition. Jesus called God “Abba” (Daddy) when he taught his disciples how to pray the “Our Father”. God is compared to the Good Shepherd, who finds his lost sheep. Similarly, God is compared to a Woman, who rejoices when she finds her lost coin. The New Testament offers us an image of God which is positive and encouraging. In today’s gospel Jesus was confronted with two disasters in Israel. People who questioned him believed that those who were killed by Pilate and those who died during an accident in Siloam were punished by God for their sins. Jesus contradicted their belief with an image of God who is just, merciful, and loving. Jesus tells a parable about a gardener and fig tree as an answer to the people who doubted God’s unconditional love. God was compared to a hard-working gardener, who takes care of a tree even if the tree is fruitless for years. According to this parable, God loves all people regardless of their effort and good deeds. God never gives up on people. The Lenten season encourages us to reflect on our image of God. This is a good opportunity to think about the image of God we inherited from our parents and teachers in our childhood. Many of us were taught that God follows the Old Testament mentality of “eye for eye, tooth for tooth.” I know people who are afraid of God. This kind of image does not foster a close relationship with God, nor does it help us to pray. Perhaps our personal image of God has changed through the years, and we are not aware of it. Even if we believe in an image of God who is loving like a good parent, we can still have doubts. Let today’s gospel and our personal encounter with God during our Lenten journey dissolve our doubt and encourage us to trust in God completely. Fr. Andrzej
The Lenten season is a blessed time during which we reflect and pray over the passion and death of our Lord, Jesus Christ. It is a unique time in the liturgical year which encourages us to slow down and make a spiritual effort to fast, pray, and help others. This makes sense when we grow and make progress in our spiritual life at the same time. It makes even more sense when we experience positive change moving away from evil to good. When we understand and take the Lenten season sincerely, it has a transforming effect on/in us. Accordingly, this positive change is necessary to truthfully experience the Risen Lord during Easter. It is providential we reflect on the Transfiguration this Second Sunday of Lent. Transfiguration comes from the Greek word metamórfosi, which means change. In the gospel today Jesus went up to Mount Tabor and was transfigured before his disciples. His body and clothes were totally transformed, “his face changed in appearance and his clothing became dazzling white” (Luke 9:29). Today’s reading illustrates what Lent is about. Our effort like climbing a mount or even hill will be rewarded at the peak when we experience the Risen Lord. Additionally, transfiguration reminds us of our ultimate destination in heaven. Our body also will be transformed in heaven and become like the body of Jesus on Mount Tabor. There are two great prophets who were present during the vision of the transfiguration, Moses and Elijah. Both of them spent their entire lives in the desert and were well known as prophets of the desert. They remind us we need a desert, detachment from our busy life, reflection, and prayer during Lent. We need to find a desert, special place and time for God, during our journey of Lent. This kind of personal desert makes our effort to grow spiritually more effective. Perhaps you noticed the theme in our church during Lent is about desert. There are not flowers and splendid decoration on the sanctuary. Also, there is no water in the baptismal font to remind us the necessity of a desert place during Lent. Lastly, our spiritual effort and close relationship with God are very attractive. When we take it seriously and our effort becomes a habit of daily routine, we want to remain with God forever. At the end of the Transfiguration Peter suggested building tents to prolong his experience of the desert and the vision forever. He loved that place and moment. “Master, it is good that we are here; let us make three tents, one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.” (Luke 9:33). Contrary to his offer Jesus asked his disciples to return to the town to meet the people. It is a good reminder and encouragement for us that our spiritual effort during Lent must be rooted in our daily realities. Whatever we decide to practice and offer during Lent, longer and more effective prayer, fasting or alms giving, our effort must be practical and include the needs of our neighbor. Our spiritual growth makes sense if it brings us closer to God and people. Let us pray for each other to have a transforming experience during this blessed season of Lent. Fr. Andrzej